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Plant SNARE molecules involved in endocytosis and exocytosis |
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Tomohiro
Uemura1, Takashi Ueda3, Akihiko Nakano3,4 and Masa H.
Sato2 |
1 Graduate School of Biostudies and 2 Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies,
Kyoto University, Yoshidanihonmatsu, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501
3 Department of Biological
Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033
4 Molecular Membrane Biology Laboratory, RIKEN Discovery Research Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama
351-0198, Japan |
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In all eucaryotic cells, specific vesicle fusion during vesicular transport is mediated
by membrane-associated proteins called SNAREs (soluble N-ethyl-maleimide sensitive factor attachment protein
receptors). Sequence analysis identified a total of 54 SNARE genes (18 Qa-SNAREs/Syntaxins, 11 Qb-SNAREs, 8
Qc-SNAREs, 14 R-SNAREs/VAMPs and 3 SNAP-25) in the Arabidopsis genome. Almost all of them were
ubiquitously expressed through all tissues examined. A series of transient expression assays using green
fluorescent protein (GFP) fused proteins revealed that most of SNARE proteins were located on specific
intracellular compartments. As the results , we identified 18 SNARE molecules on the plasma membrane; 9
Qa-SNAREs (SYP111, SYP112, SYP121, SYP122, SYP123, SYP124, SYP125, SYP131 and SYP132), 1 Qb-SNAREs (AtVTI12),
3 Qc-SNAREs (N`PSN11, NPSN12 and NPSN13) and 5 R-SNAREs (AtVAMP721, AtVAMP722, AtVAMP724, AtVAMP725 and
AtVAMP726). These SNARE proteins also localized endosomal compartment, suggesting that these SNAREs shuttle
between the plasma and endosome. We propose possible combinations of SNARE proteins on plasma membrane, and
discuss the SNARE proteins involved in endocytosis or exocytosis. |
